BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov cares about waste processing technology
At the flagship university of the Belgorod Region, an innovative project for the processing of solid municipal waste is being implemented within the framework of the world-class scientific and educational center "Innovative solutions in the agro-industrial complex".
Project
The development of the ongoing project "Resource-energy-saving innovative technology for the integrated processing of SHW of the full technological cycle of waste management, with the receipt of various types of marketable products and electrical energy" began several years ago. The main site for the project is LLC "TK" Ekotrans ". Department of Technological Complexes, Machines and Mechanisms of BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov actively cooperates with the Ekotrans enterprise (director Nikolay Shein).
Within the framework of the environmental management program, scientists of BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov and Ekotrans specialists, have developed a technology for complex waste processing with a minimum disposal volume. Currently, the project is at the stage of scientific and technical development and experimental research with the use of the municipal waste landfill of LLC TK Ekotrans.
Together with engineering and technical workers, equipment designs and technologies are being improved at all stages of municipal waste processing (classification, grinding, compacting, etc.). At the final stage of the resource-energy-saving technology of SHW processing, it is planned to use a thermolysis reactor.
Processing stages
The first stage is primary
At this stage, SHW is sorted, from which plastic bottles, paper, film, aluminum cans and other components are separated. The remaining, after classification, "tails" - organic waste and inclusions of inorganic materials, which are difficult or impossible to separate from the feedstock during sorting.
Second stage - tailings processing
Recycling sorted waste can be done in several ways. The composting method allows you to get organic fertilizer for the soil - compost.
The second method consists in mechano-thermal and thermolysis processing of raw materials to obtain a finished product (fuel briquettes, liquid hydrocarbon fuel, carbon black) and generate electricity.
The result to date
Based on the results of scientific and technical developments, 3 applications for inventions were submitted and scientific articles on the topic of the project were published in journals indexed in Scopus and Web of Science.
Constructive and technological solutions have been developed for crushing polymeric materials and deagglomeration of fibrous waste (pulp and paper, waste from thermal insulation industries, etc.), mixing and compacting raw materials.
The feedstock and its properties have been investigated. The regularities of the processes of obtaining compacted products (fuel briquettes and pellets) based on the waste of OOO TK Ekotrans have been established.
A method for calculating the design and technological parameters of the wood waste briquetting process has been developed.
Research has been carried out on the thermolysis processing of organic HSW.
Next stage
After the implementation of this project, scientific and technical workers plan to start creating autonomous mobile modules for processing SHW.